Isoko ryo gusaba isoko hamwe nibyiza byo gukoresha byimashini zikomeza kurasa imashini ziturika
Ok. Reka turebe mu buryo burambuye ibyerekeranye no gusaba isoko hamwe nibyiza byo gukoresha imashini ikomeza kurasa imashini iturika.
Imashini ikomeza ubwoko bwumukandara ni imashini ikora neza kandi yikora. Ikora umwanya uhoraho unyuze mumukandara wakozwe wambaye - reberi cyangwa ibyuma birwanya. Igicapo kizunguruka imbere munsi yubushoferi bwumukandara kandi icyarimwe gikubitwa nisasu ryataye riturutse mu byerekezo byinshi n'imashini iturika, bityo bikagera ku isuku yo hejuru, kuvanaho ingese, kuvanaho urugero rwa okiside, gushimangira no gutunganya ibihangano.
I. Ibyifuzo byo gusaba isoko
Icyizere cyamasoko yimashini zikomeza kurasa imashini nini cyane, cyane cyane kunguka ibintu bikurikira:
Guhindura no kuzamura inganda zikora nibisabwa byikora:
Hamwe niterambere rya - ryimbitse ryakozwe "Made in China 2025" ninganda 4.0, inganda zikora inganda zigenda zisabwa cyane kugirango umusaruro ukorwe, ubwiza bwibicuruzwa no kugenzura ibiciro. Imashini ikomeza kurasa imashini iturika, hamwe nibikorwa byayo byikora cyane kandi bikomeza gukora, byujuje neza ibyifuzo byo kuzamura umurongo wogukora no gukoresha ubwenge, kandi bigenda bisimbuza buhoro buhoro intoki gakondo zidakora neza cyangwa imashini ziturika rimwe na rimwe.
2. Iterambere rihamye ryinganda zikoreshwa:
Inganda zikoresha ibinyabiziga: Iri ni rimwe mu masoko manini yo gusaba. Umubare munini wa casting hamwe no kwibagirwa nka moteri ya moteri, imitwe ya silinderi, ibikoresho, guhuza inkoni hamwe nudupapuro twa tekinike byose bigomba gukorerwa isuku hejuru no gukomera mbere yo kuyitunganya. Iterambere rihoraho ry’inganda zitwara ibinyabiziga, cyane cyane kwiyongera kw'ibikoresho byoroheje (ibice bya aluminiyumu alloy) biva mu binyabiziga bishya by’ingufu, byatumye isoko rikenera isoko ry’imashini ziturika zikomeza.
Mu nganda zikora uruganda, ibyiciro hafi ya byose byajugunywe (icyuma cyumuhondo, icyuma cyangiza, aluminiyumu, umusemburo wumuringa, nibindi) bigomba gukorerwa isuku mbere yo kuva muruganda kugirango bikureho umucanga, urugero rwa oxyde na burrs. Imashini ya crawler imashini iturika ni amahitamo meza yo koza ibikoresho bito na bito - bingana.
Mu nganda zitunganya ubushyuhe: Nyuma yo kuvura ubushyuhe, ibihangano bizakora igipimo cya oxyde. Igomba gukurwaho neza mbere yo gutunganywa nyuma (nka electroplating na spray), bitabaye ibyo bizagira ingaruka kubicuruzwa. Ibikoresho bikomeza birashobora kwinjizwa neza mumurongo wo gutunganya ubushyuhe.
Ibikoresho byibyuma, ipikipiki nibice byamagare: Izi nganda zifite ibicuruzwa byinshi nibisabwa cyane kugirango bivurwe neza kandi bihamye. Imashini zikomeza kurasa imashini ziturika nibikoresho bisanzwe.
Porogaramu nshya ikoreshwa: Kurugero, inkunga yubuso hamwe no koroshya kuvura ibice byibyuma bikozwe ninganda ziyongera (icapiro rya 3D) nigikorwa kigaragara kandi gikura vuba murwego rwo gusaba.
3. Kongera amategeko arengera ibidukikije n’umutekano:
Ibikorwa gakondo byo gutunganya umucanga bitanga umukungugu n urusaku rwinshi, bigira ingaruka mbi kubuzima bwabakozi no kubidukikije. Imashini zikomeza gukurura imashini zikoresha ibisasu mubisanzwe bifata ibikorwa bifunze kandi bifite uburyo bunoze bwo kuvanaho ivumbi, bishobora guteza imbere cyane akazi kandi bikubahiriza amategeko arengera ibidukikije n’ubuzima bw’umutekano n’umutekano (EHS). Kubwibyo, babaye ishoramari rikenewe kubigo kugirango bagere ku musaruro wujuje ubuziranenge.
4. Inyungu zubukungu zo gusimbuza imirimo yintoki:
Nubwo imashini ikomeza kurasa imashini iturika ifite ishoramari ryambere ugereranije, mugihe kirekire, imikorere yayo ihebuje kandi itunganijwe neza irashobora kugabanya cyane amafaranga yumurimo, imbaraga zumurimo muke, kandi bikagabanya igipimo cyibisigazwa biterwa nigikorwa cyamaboko kidahungabana. Inyungu ku ishoramari (ROI) iratangaje cyane.
Mu ncamake ibyerekezo byisoko: Muri rusange, ibyifuzo byo gukoresha isoko byimashini zikomeza zikurura imashini zikomeza guturika bikomeje kuba byiza. Bizatera imbere biganisha ku gukora neza, gukoresha ingufu nke, kugenzura neza (nko guhuza IoT mugukurikirana ibikoresho no kuburira hakiri kare), no guhuza ibintu byinshi. Isoko ryisoko rizagenda ryiyongera hamwe no kuzamura inganda zikora.
Ii. Ibyiza byo Gukoresha Gukomeza Gukurura Ubwoko Bwarasa Imashini ziturika
Imashini ikomeza kurasa imashini iturika itoneshwa nisoko kubera urukurikirane rwibyiza bidasanzwe:
1. Gukora neza, imikorere ikomeza
"Gukomeza" ninyungu yibanze. Igicapo gihita gipakirwa, kurasa guturika no guhanagurwa, hanyuma bigahita bisohoka. Inzira yose ntikeneye guhagarikwa, kugera kumurongo winteko. Umusaruro urenze cyane kurenza ibikoresho byigihe kimwe bisaba gupakira intoki no gupakurura.
2. Ingaruka imwe yo guhanagura
Ibice byakazi bihora bizunguruka munsi yimodoka ya gari ya moshi, byemeza ko ubuso bwabo bwose bwuzuye kandi buringaniye bikubiswe nisasu, birinda koza inguni zapfuye kandi byemeza ko bihamye neza murwego rwo gutunganya ibyiciro byose byakazi.
3. Urwego rwo hejuru rwo kwikora, umurimo - kuzigama
Imashini ikomeza kurasa imashini isaba abakozi 1-2 gusa kugirango bakore imizigo no gupakurura (kandi birashobora no guhuzwa na truss manipulator cyangwa robot kugirango ikore automatike yuzuye), bigabanya cyane imbaraga zumurimo nubuhanga bwabakozi, kandi bizigama amafaranga menshi yumurimo.
4. Ibidukikije bikora neza, byujuje ibisabwa byo kurengera ibidukikije:
Ibikoresho bifunze neza kandi bifite uburyo bunoze bwo kuvanaho umukungugu, bushobora gukusanya neza ivumbi ryakozwe mugihe cyo kurasa. Umukungugu wo mu ngo hamwe n urusaku byombi bigenzurwa neza, bikarinda ubuzima bwabakozi kandi byoroshye gutsinda isuzuma ryibidukikije.
5. Igikorwa cyoroshye no kubungabunga byoroshye:
Imashini zigezweho zikomeza kurasa imashini ziturika ahanini zifata sisitemu yo kugenzura PLC, ifite inshuti yumuntu {{0} interface imashini yimashini (HMI) kandi byoroshye gushiraho ibipimo no kubihindura. Gusimbuza ibice byoroshye nkinzira nabyo birasa neza.
6. Imikorere itandukanye, byinshi - intego mumashini imwe
Mugusimbuza ibikoresho bitandukanye (nko kurasa ibyuma, kurasa ibyuma bitagira umuyonga, kurasa ceramic) no kurasa mubunini butandukanye, kimwe no guhindura umuvuduko wa ejector nigihe, ibikoresho bimwe ntibishobora gukora isuku iremereye gusa ahubwo binagera no gusya hejuru no gushimangira ibice byiza, bitanga uburyo bworoshye.
7. Imiterere yuzuye, umwanya - kuzigama
Nubwo ifite imbaraga mumikorere, igishushanyo cyayo gisanzwe kijyanye nimiterere kandi gifite umwanya muto ugereranije, cyoroshye muburyo bwo gushiraho no gushiraho mumahugurwa asanzwe akora.
Ibintu byo kwitondera imashini ikomeza kurasa imashini iturika:
Ishoramari ryambere ryambere: Ugereranije nibikoresho byoroshye, ibiciro byamasoko biri hejuru.
Ingano yumurimo wibikorwa: Ahanini bikurikizwa mubice binini byiciriritse na bito - (bifite uburemere bumwe mubice bitarenga 50kg), ntibikwiriye kubice binini byubatswe cyangwa ibice byoroshye kandi byoroshye.
Hariho ibyago byo kugongana: Iyo ibihangano byizungurutse imbere yumuhanda, birashobora kugongana. Kubwibyo, ibice byuzuye bifite ubuso buhanitse cyane bigomba gukoreshwa ubwitonzi cyangwa ibikoresho byihariye bigomba gukoreshwa.
Umwanzuro
Imikandara ikomeza - ubwoko bwamafuti yo guturika ni ibikoresho byingenzi byingenzi byo kuvura hejuru yubukorikori bugezweho. Ibyiza byayo byiza byo gukora neza, ubuziranenge bwo hejuru, kubungabunga ibidukikije no gukoresha mudasobwa byayifasha kwerekana ubushobozi bwo guhangana mu guhangana n’ibikorwa byo kuzamura inganda, amabwiriza akomeye y’ibidukikije ndetse n’igitutu cy’ibiciro. Amahirwe yo gukoresha isoko arahujwe cyane niterambere ryinganda zikora, kandi ejo hazaza haratanga ikizere. Nishoramari ryiza kubakora ibicuruzwa byinshi kugirango bongere ubushobozi bwabo.